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    04 July 2024, Volume 40 Issue 6
    ExperimentalandModellingStudiesofThermalConductivityof#br# NanorefrigerantswithLowVolumeConcentration#br#
    ZHUJiajun1, LIYongjia2a, b, ZHANGSongyuan2a, b, YANGZhihong2a, b, CAIChuanxiong2a, b, LIYuexiwei2a, b
    2024, 40(6):  1.  doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.001|
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    Abstract:Duetotheadvantagesofhigherthermalconductivity,lowerresistance,andlowercost,
    nanorefrigerantswithlowvolumeconcentration(particlevolumeconcentration<01%)areexpectedto
    bringmorebenefitsinpracticalapplications.Inthiswork,R141bbasednanorefrigerantscontaining
    Al2
    O3,TiO2andSiO2nanoparticleswithvolumeconcentrationsof002%,004%,006%,008%
    and01% werepreparedandcharacterized.Onthebasisofverifyingthestability,theeffectsofnanop
    articleconcentration,temperature,thermalconductivityofnanoparticleandaggregatesize(hydraulic
    size)onthethermalconductivityofnanorefrigerantswasinvestigated,withinthetemperaturerangeof
    278~298K.Basedonexperimentaldata,asemimechanism modelforthethermalconductivityof
    nanorefrigerantswasproposedbyconsideringthemechanismsofinterfaciallayer,aggregationandBrown
    ianmotion.Theresultsshow thatthethermalconductivityofnanorefrigerantscanbeincreasedb
    1336%,1478% and1687% atmost,byaddingAl2
    O3,TiO2andSiO2nanoparticles,respective
    ly.Thethermalconductivitiesofnanorefrigerantsincreasedwithincreasingtemperature,concentration,
    andnanoparticlethermalconductive,whiledecreasedwithincreasingparticlesize.Meanwhile,thede
    viationofthedataobtainedbythepresentmodelfromtheexperimentalvalueswasmostlylessthan3%.
    Fornanorefrigerantswithlowconcentration,thecontributionofBrownianmotiontothermalconductivity
    enhancementisdominant.
    ResearchontheDeterminationofSiliconContentinFerrosiliconand#br# ManganeseSiliconAlloysbySodium HydroxideMelted#br# PerchlorateDehydrationGravimetricMethod#br#
    DuanJiahua
    2024, 40(6):  12.  doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.002
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    Abstract:Inordertoaccuratelydeterminethesiliconcontentinferrosiliconandmanganesesiliconal
    loys,thenationalstandardrecommendedmethodofperchloricaciddehydrationweightmethodwassuc
    cessivelyusedfortesting.Duetothehighrequirementsforsodiumperoxidesolidfluxusedinthenation
    alstandardmethod,itisdifficulttomasterduringthesamplemeltingprocessofthetestmethod.The
    fluxiseasytosplashandoverflowduringthetest,andthesampleisalsolostwiththeoverflowofthe
    flux,resultinginlowandunstablemeasurementresults.Themethodusesgranularsodiumhydroxideto
    meltinsteadofsodiumperoxideastheflux,meltsinahightemperaturemufflefurnaceat650℃ for15
    minutes,andreferstotheperchloricaciddehydrationstepandwashes.Thetemperaturewasslowlyand
    slowlyincreasedfrom400℃ to650℃ inamufflefurnace.Thefilterpaperandsamplewereashened,
    ignited,andconstantweight.ICPmethodwasusedtodeterminethepercentageofresidualsiliconinthe
    filtratetoverifythelotioneffectandstability.Therelativestandarddeviationofthemethodtestresultsis
    between015% and122%,thedeviationofthetestresultsislessthan035% specifiedinthenation
    alstandard,andtheaccuracymeetstheallowabledeviationofthecurrentnationalstandardmethod.
    MiningMethodofPillarRecycleforMultilevelGobAreas
    DENGLiang, FEIZhiwen, ZHOUXiaochao, LIXieping
    2024, 40(6):  16.  doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.003
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    Abstract:Acertainminehascontinuouslyusedtheresidualminingmethodforseveralyearstoextract
    large,thickorebodies,leavingbehindcomplexminedoutareasandpillarsacrossmultiplelevels.In
    accordancewithnationalrequirementsforminesafety,ecologicalprotection,andtheconstructionof
    greenmines,andbasedonananalysisoftheminesresourceoccurrenceconditionsandcurrentmining
    status,threeminingmethodswereproposed:thestagedopenstopingwithsubsequentbackfillmethod,
    thedriftfillingmethodwithupwardhorizontallayeredbackfill,andthecavingmethod.Adetailedtech
    nicalandeconomiccomparisonofthethreemethodswasconducted,andthedriftfillingmethodwithup
    wardhorizontallayeredbackfillwasultimatelyrecommendedfortherecoveryoforepillars.
    FlotationDesulfurizationExperimentofHighSulfur#br# BauxiteOrefrom Wenshan,Yunnan#br#
    NIEQi1a, WENYiming1a, ZHANGXingzhi1a, GUOYufeng1b, LIUCong1a, TANLeishu1c, CHENZhengyun2
    2024, 40(6):  23. 
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    Abstract:Highsulfurbauxitewillseriouslyaffectthenormaloperationofaluminaproductionbecauseof
    itshighsulfurcontent.Thepresentstudyinvestigatestheflotationdesulfurizationofhighsulfurbauxite
    ore,sourcedfromWenshan,Yunnan,withaninitialsulfurcontentof167%.Theexperimentalproto
    colinvolvedtheoptimizationofgrindingfineness,selectionofappropriatecollectors,modifiers,andac
    tivators,followedbytheapplicationofaflotationprocessthatintegratesonestageofroughing,twosta
    gesofcleaning,andonestageofscavenging.Thissystematicapproachyieldedaconcentratewitha
    yieldof9443%,comprising6833% Al2O3and965% SiO2,achievingadesulfurizationratio(A/S)
    of708andreducingthesulfurcontentto026%,whicheffectivelyreducesthesulfurcontentinbaux
    ite,andtheconcentrateproductmeetstherequirementthatthesulfurcontentintheconcentrateisless
    than03% inthebauxiteorequalitystandard(GB/T24483—2009).
    ResearchonEnergySavingandEmissionReductionTechnologyof#br# CirculatingWaterSystem ofElectronBeam ColdCedFurnace#br#
    XUJianyu1a, 2, LINAnchuan1b, HUYiduo1c, HUANGLing3, XIEDeliang4, PANJiabao2, LUYanliang1a
    2024, 40(6):  29. 
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    Abstract:Thewatersystemofelectronbeamcoldbedmeltingfurnace(EBfurnace)consistsoffourdis
    tinctsystems:closedcyclecoolingsystem,opencycle,highefficiencyandemergency.Thecirculating
    coolingwatersystemispronetoproblemssuchascorrosionrate,microbialcontrol,energysavingande
    missionreductioneffectandfoulingthermalresistanceduringefficientandurgentoperationeffi.Itwas
    foundthattheuseofacrylicscaleinhibitorcansignificantlyimprovetheperformanceofcirculatingwater,
    andmakeitspressure,temperatureandcleanlinessreachagoodstate.Inaddition,themethodcanbe
    dilutedandmultiplied,therebyreducingthetotalhardness,calciumandmagnesiumhardnessandtotal
    alkalinityofthecirculatingwaterfrom300mg/Lto100mg/L,whileavoidingcorrosionandscaling
    problems.Insummary,themethodisacirculatingwaterpipelinewithstrongsustainabilityandoperabil
    ity,lesscost,practical,controllableandsustainable.Aftersystematicimprovement,theemissionsof
    the“lowcarbonandenvironmentalprotection”opencirculatingcoolingwatersystemaresignificantlyre
    duced,andthisimprovementwillbeeffectiveforalongtime.
    ValidationofMethodologyforDeterminationofMethylBenzenesulfonate#br# ImpuritiesinValsartanAmlodipineTabletsbyHPLC#br#
    ZHAOJiang, ZHANGZhuoxi
    2024, 40(6):  34.  doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.006
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    Abstract:Themethodfordeterminationofmethylbenzenesulfonateinvalsartanamlodipinetabletswas
    validated.GradientelutionwasperformedonAgelaVenusilXBPC18(L)column(46×150mm,
    5μm,150A)with1% triethylaminephosphatebuffer(pH=28)-acetonitrileasmobilephase.The
    detectionwavelengthwas216nm,thecolumntemperaturewas40℃,theflowratewas10mL/min,
    thesamplevolumewas50μL,thesolventwasacetonitrilewater(50∶50),andthecontentofmethyl
    benzenesulfonateinValsartanamlodipinetabletswasdetermined.Thedetectedamountofmethylbenze
    nesulfonateshallnotexceed43ppmaccordingtothepeakareacalculationbyexternalstandardmethod.
    Itwasfoundthatmethylbenzosulfonatehadagoodlinearrelationshipintheconcentrationrangeof0049
    ~055μg/mL(limit10~77mg/L)(r=09998).Thelimitofquantificationwas0049μg/mL,
    theRSDofretentiontimewas007%,theRSDofpeakareawas155%,andthedetectionlimitwas
    0015μg/mL.Thismethodhasgoodsensitivityandsimpleoperation,andcanmeettherequirementsof
    mostpharmaceuticalcompaniesforquantitativedetectionofmethylbenzenesulfonate.
    TheInfluencingFactorsandControlMeasuresofMeasuringTotal SulfurinCoalUsingWDL-8000BTotalSulfurAnalyzer
    NINGMencui, XINHongshun, PENGLi
    2024, 40(6):  40.  doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.007
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    Inthispaper,combinedwiththeworkingprincipleofWDL-8000Bsulfurmeter,inaccord ancewithGB/T214-2007determinationoftotalsulfurincoal,theactualcomparisonexperimentswere carriedoutwiththestandardcoalsampleGBW11121(St,d:228%)andseveralcoalsamples.The effectsofthedeviationofairflow,purificationsystem,airtightness,electrolyte,stirringspeedand workingtimeofthetesterfromthenormaltestconditionsonthetestresultsweremainlydiscussed,and solutionswereproposedtoensuretheaccuracyoftheresultsofthedeterminationoftotalsulfur.
    EarlyHydrationofHighBeliteSulphoaluminateCement
    ZHANGYucai1 , ZHOUMincheng2 , XUXingwei1 , XIEYingmei1 , LIUXue’e1 , LIWei
    2024, 40(6):  45.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.008
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    石膏对高贝利特硫铝酸盐水泥的凝结硬化有较大影响。通过测定水化放热速率、XRD和 TG-DTG分 析,研究了高贝利特硫铝酸盐水泥的早期水化。结果表明,石膏加入能极大加速高贝利特硫铝酸盐水泥早期水 化,随石膏掺量增加,AFt生成量增加;早期水化放热曲线可能出现多个放热峰,是由于不同阶段 AFt的生成所 致;当石膏掺量较少时,AFt会向 AFm转化,而这种转化是在早期水化集中放热结束后出现的。
    PowerAllocationStrategyBasedonParticleSwarm OptimizationAlgorithm inNOMASystem
    SONGHao1a , CHENYunchuan1a , ZHONGZhixian1b , LIWeixian2 , TAIMengsiyun1a
    2024, 40(6):  49.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.009
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    NonOrthogonalMultipleAccess(NOMA)isakeytechnologyfor5G,whichhassignificant advantagesinimprovingspectrum efficiencyandsystem performancebydifferentiatingusersbasedon powerdomainandeffectivelyallocatingpower.Themainpurposeofthisarticleistostudytheenergyef ficiencyoptimizationproblemofthedownlinksysteminNOMAandtomaximizethesystemthroughputby designingareasonablepowerallocationscheme.ThebasicprinciplesandsystemarchitectureoftheNon OrthogonalMultipleAccessSystem areintroduced.Then,anoptimizedpowerallocationalgorithm is proposedbasedonthestandardParticleSwarmOptimizationalgorithmandtheimprovedParticleSwarm Optimizationalgorithm isusedtosolvetheobjectivefunctionofmaximizingsystem energyefficiency. Simulationresultsshowthatthisschemecaneffectivelyimprovesystemenergyefficiency.
    Scheme of Host Abnormal Behavior Detection Based onSupport Vector Machine
    HUANG Zhirui°, YUAN Jianming", MlAO WangyuanªHE Yananª, XlE Xianjieª, FANG Fang”
    2024, 40(6):  55.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.010
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     This paper introduces a host anomaly detection scheme based on support vector machine algo.rithm, which aims to detect abnormal behavior in user operations in a rapid and accurate way, and im.mediately remind users to take intervention measures to ensure the overall security of the system. Specif.ically , this scheme first uses natural language processing technology to extract features and construct fea.ture vectors ; then, principal component analysis algorithm is used to reduce the dimension of feature da.ta in order to improve the speed and elliciency of subsequent processing; after that, support vector ma-chine algorithm is used to lear and distinguish between normal and abnormal operation modes of thehost. and then an eflicient detection model is constructed. Finally, the fully trained model is used todetect whether the host has abnormal operation in real time. In order to verily the practical applicationelfeet of this method, the ADFA-LD data set of Australian Defense College is selected for empirical re.search, and satis factory detection performance is achieved.
    Research On Medical Image Fusion Method BasedOn NSCT And Optimized ICM#br#
    YANG Qing
    2024, 40(6):  64.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.011
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     For problems such as noise, artifacts, and loss of details, a novel medical image fusion algorithm based on intersecting cortical model ( ICM) that optimized by hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA)and the non-subsampled contourlet transform(NSCT)is proposed. In the proposed method, the non-subsampled contourlet transform decomposition is first performed on the source images to obtain their mul.tiscale and multi-direction representations. Then, the low-frequency bands are emerged by weighted sumof eight-neighborhood based modified Laplacian and weighted local energy, which can simultaneouslypreserve the energy and extract the details. The high-frequency bands are fused by ICM which parame.ters are optimized through HGA, that can retain more detailed features from source image pairs. Finallythe NSC'T inverse transform is performed to obtain the fused image. It is proved through experiments thatthis method is better than other comparative methods in both visual effect and objective evaluation inde.xes, and has better fusion effect.

    Study on Data Crawling Strategies Based on Hash Value Calculation#br#
    WANG Yanling
    2024, 40(6):  73.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.012
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    We have entered the era of big data, where the volume of online data is exploding. To identi.fy and utilize the elfective data within this vastness. it is necessary to employ crawling techniques to col.lect relevant data on a large scale, extract the associations and trends among different data sets, andthereby simplify the cost of data analysis. This helps users to perform precise analysis, gain a full under.standing, and apply elfectively the required data from the massive data pool. Therefore, this paper willexplore data crawling strategies based on Hash Value calculation, starting from the concepts and correlations between the two, and analyze schemes to enhance the elfectiveness of data crawling through HashValue calculation, thereby improving the validity of data crawling and promoting the positive developmentof data crawling technology.
    An Improved Genetic Algorithm for Solving the Multi-0bjectiveSchool Bus Routing Problem#br# #br#
    XlE Xianjieª, HE Yanan", YUAN Jianming" , DuO Yunfeng , Llu Fawen
    2024, 40(6):  78.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.013
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     In response to the NP-hard nature of the multi-objective school bus routing optimization prob.lem and the shortcomings of existing solution methods, this paper proposes a novel “ stop-vehicle” two.stage encoding strategy. This strategy generates individuals through two phases: stop ordering and vehicleallocation, which reduces encoding redundancy and ensures the legality of the solutions. A new type ofdual-sequence crossover operator is designed to inherit the superior genes of the parents while increasingthe diversity of the population and accelerating the convergence speed of the algorithm. In terms of ex.periments, the paper selects three sets of benchmark test data of different sizes to evaluate the solutionquality and computational elficiency of the algorithm and compares it with classic heuristic algorithmssuch as the Standard Genetic Algorithm ($GA) and Simulated Annealing ( SA). The experimental re.sults show that the algorithm proposed in this paper is superior to other algorithms in terms of solutionquality and convergence speed, demonstrating good problem-solving performance and application prospects.
    Discussion About the Path and Development Trend of Upgrading and Transformation of Coal Mine Power Supply System #br#
    GU Zhixiang', WANG Jin?, ZHANG Hui'
    2024, 40(6):  86.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.014
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    In recent years, most coal mine gas over-limit incidents have been caused by power supplfailures, fully exposing issues such as unreasonable design of coal mine power supply systems, untimelyupdates and replacements of electrical equipment, and inadequate maintenance.To ensure safe coamine production, a comprehensive upgrade of the power supply system is essential. Based on the actualsituation in Yunnan, this paper analyzes the problems in the current coal mine power supply system fromthe aspects of power supply, technical equipment, management models, and talent teams. It also ex-amines the paths and effects of upgrading the coal mine power supply system, focusing on improving thepower supply, streamlining the power network, enhancing management concepts, and strengthening talent development and education and training. Additionally, new technologies such as schneider intelli.gent distribution are introduced , with the aim of providing reference and guidance for the upgrade of thepower supply systems in coal mines in our province.
    Analysis on the Application of BlM Technology inCost Management of Construction Projects  
    GUO Yufeng", WANG Shuang", ZHAO Xia", DONG Yajieª, Ll Yan
    2024, 40(6):  91.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.015
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    "The construction prject cost management based on BlM technology helps to prmote the quali-ty of construction project cost management. This paper selects the JMTY prject as the research case,and the BlMSD management software is used to build the JM'TY prject building model, which improvesthe scientific cost management of subsequent projects thrugh scientific and reasonable cost prediction andcost planning. Relying on the BlM model for the subcontract quantity accounting, combined with theBlM historica齷坝 Ž瑯翋开tabase could choose similar area, similar scale project analysis, prject by consultingsimilar prject total cost, using the BlM model to predict related factors, to extraet similar project costmanagement plan, using the parameter similarity of statistics. At the same time, according to the pro.jeet quantity, project infonmation and cost infommation, the model is adjusted by means of database re.source comparison. Relevant material resouree infomation is investigated accorling to annual, monthly.and weekly modules , and the material demand plan and equipment demand plan are investigated. Managers rely on BlM technology and combine the actual situation of the JM'TY prject to conduet cost compara-tive analysis from multiple dimensions such as time, area , and process to help managers carry out sub.contracting management in a timely and effective manner.
    Analysis on the Present Situation and Demand of Virtual Simulation PracticeTeaching of Surveying and Mapping Courses in Higher Vocational College
    ZHANG Weihong', OUYANG Hui', Ll Jian', XU Guoshuai?, Yl Junhua', MA Juan
    2024, 40(6):  99.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.016
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     Objective to investigate the present situation of virtual simulation practice teaching in higher vo.cational colleges with surveying and mapping courses in Yumnan Provinee, this paper analyzes the problemsaffecting and hindering the use of virtual simulation in teaching, and puts forward some counteneasuresand suggestions. lt provides a referenee for the construction of vitual simulation resources and the teachingrefonn of virtual simulation practice in surveying and mapping courses and other similar courses. Methods aquestionnaire survey was condueted among 221 students majoring in surveying and mapping and 27 teachersfrom 19 colleges and universities in Yunnan Province. "he results showed that 28. 696 of higher vocationacolleges had virtual simulation resources for surveying and mapping courses, 73.3%6 of students liked vir.tual simulation practice teaching, and 66. 796 of teachers thought that virtual simulation practiee teachinghad better eflect. At present, some factors affect the application of virtual simulation in teaching, such asthe lack of virtual simulation software, the lack of infomation-based conditions in higher vocational colle.ges, the coneept of teachers and students. The results show that virtual simulation practice teaching is agood auviliary teaching method, which can better solve the “Three High and Three Difficult" problem inteaching. To follow the prineiple of truth, it use the virtual simulation resources reasonably in the teach
    ing.tohelptounprovethequalityoftalentcultivationinsurveyingandmapping.

    Reform and Practice Research on the Comprehensive EducationMechanism of “ Post-Course-Competition-Certificate-Innovationin Vocational Education: Taking Photogrammetry and RemoteSensing Technology Major as an Example #br#
    ZHANG Xiaolun'., ZHU Qicheng', SHAO Yanyan', Yl Junhua'WAN Baofeng', PAN Ping', CHEN Zhan
    2024, 40(6):  105.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.017
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     At present, China's economic development has shifted from a stage of rapid growth to a stageof high-quality deveopment. Development new business forms, applying new technologies and creatingnew models have become a new trend in the development of all walks of life. The needs of industry de.velopment will lead the reform of major course system and talent training model in vocational colleges,and the technical talents with good ideological and political quality, strong professional ability and highquality of innovation cultivated by vocational colleges have become the expectations of the industry. In this study, Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing technology major is selected as a typical case. In theprocess of talent training, we actively explore and implement the integrated development of professionaleducation and innovation and entrepreneurship education, and combined with national vocational eduea.tion development prgrams such as “ three.-whole education" ,’.“ Refom of teachers, textbook and teach.ing methods", and “1 + X” vocational skill level certifieate systems. We construet the comprehensiveeducation course system, optimize the major talent training prgram, implement the comprehensive edu.cation of “ Post-Course-Competition-Certificate-lnnovation"",comprehensively improve the quality of tal.ent training, and form a good comprehensive edueation mechanism that can be promoted.
    Discussion on the Application of Standard Baseline Field inSurveying and Mapping Practice#br#
    ZHU Qicheng, LlU Zhouwei, Ll Jian, WAN Baofeng
    2024, 40(6):  112.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2024.06.018
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    The practice teaching of surveying and mapping with the help of standard baseline field canimprove the scientific research, engineering and practice of teaching, and imprve students’ ability olapplication and innovation, to improve the quality and level of surveying and mapping personnel training.On the background of few scholars diseussing the application of standard baseline field in surveying prac.tice teaching, this paper firstly analyzes the characteristics of standard baseline field with high precision,which meets the requirements of surveying practice. "hen it summarizes the feasibility and advantages othe practice teaching of surveying and mapping assisted by standard baseline field, especially the use olstandard baseline field to serve ideologieal and political education, further expand the funetion of stand.ard baseline field. At the same time, integrating ideologieal and political edueation into specific practi.cal teaching processes to achieve the teaching goal of practical education.