Table of Content

01 October 2025, Volume 41 Issue 05

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Identification of Gemological and Spectral Characteristics ofNatural and Synthetic Spinels#br#

XIE Jie

2025, 41(05):  1.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2025.05.010

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 As spinels have gained increasing popularity in international colored gemstone trading, a largenumber of "high-quality" synthetic spinels have become available. Inspectionshave revealed that, besidesthe common blue varieties synthesizedby the flame fusion method, these synthetic spinels also include newred-pink varieties synthesized by the Czochralski method, which are indistinguishable from natural spinels.Conventional gemological identification instruments, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrom-eters and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometers, were employed to analyze the gemological prop-erties and spectral characteristics of both natural and synthetic spinel samples. Research indicates that thegemological properties of synthetic spinels closely resemble those of spinels, and identifying typical internalinclusions is the key to identification. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy revealed that spinels exhibit three ab-sorption peaks at 543, 590, and 732 cm "1, whereas flame fusion-synthesized spinels exhibit three absorp-tion peaks at 547, 725, and 844 cm~1. Testing revealed that Czochralski-synthesized spinels lack the ab-sorption peak at 590 cm-1 found in spinels, exhibiting only two absorption peaks at 547 and 748 cm~1This evidence serves as a significant identification characteristic for Czochralski-synthesized spinels. UV-Vis spectroscopy indicated that red spinels and Czochralski-synthesized spinels are colored by chromium,blue spinels by iron, and blue flame fusion-synthesized spinels by cobalt. Hence, to effectively differentiate spinels from synthetic spinels in practical testing, it is necessary to combine spectral characteristics.

Research and Application of Roof Roadway Support Technologyfor Upward Mining in Thick Coal Seams

LIU Cong, LONG Xiaobo, LIU Zhennan, HAO Yanhong, PU Li, KE Rui

2025, 41(05):  7.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2025.05.002

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This article takes the north wing belt transportation main roadway of a mine as the engineeringbackground, and uses key stratum theory to analyze the reasonable height of the "Three Zones" of the overly-ing rock strata. It also employs FLAC3D numerical simulation software to investigate the movement law of o-verlying strata under the conditions of thick coal seams and high mining height. In view of the occurrence con-ditions and application purpose of the surrounding rock in the north wing belt transportation main roadway ofthe mine, the surrounding rock of this roadway is divided into two areas, and diferent support schemes are a-dopted-combined anchor-net-cable combined support and shed support. This research provides a reference forthe support of the roof roadway in upward mining of thick coal seamswith high mining height.

Transient Seepage Stability Analysis of Slope under Stope Gushing WaterPumping and Drainage in Jianshan Phosphate Mine Based on GeoStudio

LI Chaoxiang, WANG Mengke, FU Xianlyu, SHI Xiongbin, YANG Ze

2025, 41(05):  14.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2025.05.003

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In the process of open-pit mining, groundwater is one of the key factors affecting slope stabili-ty. During mine production, to extract ores below the water table, it is usually necessary to pump anddrain stope gushing water. Changesin the groundwater level will inevitably affect slope stability. Based onthis, this paper takes the the open-pit slopes of Jianshan Phosphate Mine as the research object, and con-ducts a comparative analysis of the stability of the current slopes of typical cross-sections, current slopeswith accumulation water drained, designed final slopes, and designed final slopes under groundwater-freeconditions. The results indicate that under the condition of accumulated water at the slope toe, the over-all slope safety factor of the mine's current slopes is relatively high, providing favorable conditions forsubsequent design and mining work. During the accumulated water pumping and drainage in the earlystage of current slope mining, the slope safety factor decreases slightly. due to the hydrostatic and hydro-dynamic pressures acting on the slopes. During mine production, mechanical pumping and drainage ofmining area gushing water will affect the stability of the open-pit slopes to a certain extent. The designedfinal slopes in the research area have high safety reserves, enabling normal production operations in themine. Meanwhile, a comparison with the stability of the final slopes without groundwater influence showsthat groundwater has a significant impact on stope slope stability. Therefore, during mining, when pumping and draining mining pit gushing water, certain slope treatment and disaster prevention and
control measures must be adopted for high and steep slopes.


Research on Correction of Gravity Field Models UsingElevation Anomaly Control Points

CHEN Zhan, WEI Guangyu, WEI Baofeng, YANG Yongping, LI Dongsheng

2025, 41(05):  19.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2025.05.004

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Traditional measurement methods for obtaining the elevation of control points are high accuracybut time-consuming and labor-intensive. How to quickly acquire high-precision normal height has be-come one of the recent research topics in the field of surveying and mapping. This article proposes aGNSS elevation filtting method that considers two global gravity field models, namely EGM2008 and SGG-UGM-2. First, the gravity field model is used to generate gravity quasi-geoid; then a difference surface isgenerated based on the measured data and the gravity field model. Finally, the difference surface is fusedwith the gravity quasi-geoid to fit the gravity quasi-geoid to the actual quasi-geoid, thereby achieving thepurpose of correcting the gravity field models using the elevation anomaly points. In this paper, theEGM2008 and SGG-UGM-2 gravity field models are used, and the refined quasi-geoid model of YunnanProvince is adopted for accuracy verification. The test results, show that this method is stable and relia-ble, and can meet the requirements of common applications such as large-scale topographic mapping.

Study on Spatiotemporal Evolution of Land Use and Carbon Storage inAnning City Based on the PLUS-InVEST Model

WEI Wei, PAN Ping, LI Jian, NIE Juntang

2025, 41(05):  24.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．００５

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As an important intersection of industry and ecology in Yunnan Province, Anning City is typi-cal and representative in terms of its land use change characteristics and their impacts on carbon storage.This study couples the PLUS (Patch-Generating Land Use Simulation) and InVEST (Integrated Valuationof Ecosystem Sertices and Trade-offs) models. Based on land use data from 2000 to 2020, it systemati-cally analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution laws of land use and carbon storage in Anning City. Under theconstraints of territorial spatial planning, the study simulates land use patterns for 2030 under three sce-narios; natural development, ecological protection, and urban development, and estimates the corre-sponding ecosystem carbon storage. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the expansion ofconstruction land led to the continuous reduction in cropland and grassland areas, resulting in an overalldecrease of 7. 35% in regional carbon storage; the level of carbon storage was correlated with the intensi-ty of land use changes. (2) Multi-scenario simulations reveal that by 2030, carbon storage will continueto decrease under both the natural development and urban development scenarios, while a slight increasein carbon storage is expected under the ecological protection scenario, making it the only model with posi-tive growth.

Design and Implementation of a Graphical User Interface forCoordinate System Transformation Based on Matlab

HE Guozhen, FANG Zhuo

2025, 41(05):  33.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．００６

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With the continuous advancement of spatial measurement technology, connections between re-gions worldwide have become increasingly close. To unify the results of different measurement coordinatesystems, it is necessary to establish a set of standards for mutual conversion of surveying and mapping da-ta. This paper first introduces the commonly used coordinate systems in China, including the Beijing1954 Coordinate System, the Xian 1980 Coordinate System, the 1984 World Geodetic System(WCS84), and the 2000 China Geodetic Coordinate System (CCCS2000). On this basis, through theo-retical analysis of the results of measurement coordinate transformation models at home and abroad, themethods for solving transformation parameters are explored. To facilitate practical use, aGraphical UserInterface (GUI) with multiple coordinate transformation functions (seven-parameter calculation, four-pa-rameter calculation, projection setting, seven-parameter setting, and four-parameter setting) is designedusing Matlab. Finally, the calculation results of the developed GUlare compared with those of the exist-ing Coord software, verifying the accuracy and reliability of the proposed measurement coordinate transfor-mation software.

Exploration and Expansionof Teaching for the 3D Printing Technology Course

YU Xiaoyou, HOUJinchen, ZHOUShuni

2025, 41(05):  41.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．００７

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In view of the application of 3D Printing Technology as a course in professional teaching of vo-cational colleges, this paper conducts questionnaire surveys and interviews to investigate the course offer-ing models of this course in vocational colleges in Yunnan Province and some other provinces outsideYunnan. It explores the status of 3D Printing Technology course, and examines the particularly in termsof their integration into vocational education. The study examines the teaching application of this coursein vocational colleges under the background of moder vocational education. The exploration focuses onexpanding the majors offering the course, adjusting course hours, and designing assessment and evalua-tion methods. providing constructive suggestions for improving the course. Corresponding constructiveproposals are put forward to help 3D Printing Technology courseenter more majors, facilitate the integra-tion of students' professional knowledge with innovative skills, and provide a reference for the high-qualityconstruction of the 3D Printing Technology course.

Research on the Construction of YL-158GA1-Based ModernElectrical Training Network System

TAO Min, ZHANG Fan

2025, 41(05):  47.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．００８

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YL-158GA1, developed by Zhejiang Yalong Intelligent Equipment Co. , Ltd. , is a high-cost-performance and powerful modern electrical control training equipment. It also serves as the competitionequipment for the National Vocational College Skills Competition, making it an important device for cur-riculum reform in equipment manufacturing majorsof higher vocational colleges. YL-158GAl can option-ally adopt Siemens S7-1500/1200 series PLCs to form a multi-level network control system via industrialEthernet, so as to meet the requirements of teaching and practical training. This article studies and dis-cusses the construction of a network system; real-time Ethemet is used to realize control functions for asingle device; multiple devices are connected via Ethernet and S7 protocol to achieve workshop-levelcommunication and parameter transmission; and IRT redundant communication between multiple devicesis achievedthrough MRPD protocol. This provides a technical foundation for giving full play to the roleofequipment in professional curriculum construction.

Tea Disease Detection Method Based on InformationEntropy-Enhanced Transformer Network

ZHANG Hao, LU Wen xi, TAl Meng si yun

2025, 41(05):  52.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．００９

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Tea plants face from multiple disease threats during their growth cyele, such as red leaf spot,algae spot, and anthracnose. Manual inspection methods struggle to achieve accurate identification, lead-ing to the loss of optimal intervention timing. To address this challenge, this study proposes a Transformerneural network model integrating self-supervised learning and an information entropy weighting mecha-nism. First, each tea leaf image in the training dataset was subjected to 75% random masking. Using theself-supervised leaming paradigm, the model extracted features from unmasked regionsand accurately pre-dicts information in masked regions. Based on this pre-trained model, a tea disease detection model wasconstructed via transfer learning. By incorporating an information entropy weighting strategy, the detec-tion model effectively enhances its attention to the most informativeregions in images, thereby significantlyimproving the accuracy of tea disease recognition. Experimental results show that even when trained on alimited dataset, the proposed model achieves a detection accuracy of 93. 7% , significantly outperformingmainstream deep learning algorithms such as ResNet18, VGG16, and VGG19. Furthermore, the modeldemonstrates excellent adaptability and transferability, indicating its applicability to early waring systemsfor diseases in other crops.

A Design of IAPVS Platform Based on Distributed Edge Computing

CHENG Xiao ling, GUO Yu feng

2025, 41(05):  59.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2025.05.010

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In the context of the strategy of building a powerful country through science and technology.the demand for intelligent video surveillance has soared in many fields, However, traditional video sur-veillance and centralized video cloud computing architectures face numerous limitations, such as insuffi-cient end-side intelligence, transmission delays, issues related to network capacity, and low computingefficiency. This paper deeply analyzes the development process and current status of intelligent video sur-veillance technology, and innovatively proposes the IAPVS (Intelligent Analysis Platform for Video Sur-veillance) design mode based on distributed edge computing. This mode consists of two core components:video edge computing nodes and a data center. Edge nodes are deployed on-site or in near-field environ-ment and the YOLO algorithm is used for video data preprocessing-accurately identify targets, filtering da-ta, and then uploading the processed data. The data center integrates muliple platforms and a model re-pository, enabling operations such as model training, correction and reuse. The logic design and workflowof IAPVS Platform are also elaborated in detail. This design breaks through the limitations of traditionalarchitectures, realizes end-edge-network-cloud collaboration, establishes an efficient intelligent supplysystem, and improves data processing and resource utilization. It provides a new overall solution for thedevelopment of video intelligent analysis platforms in diverse scenarios, facilitating the development of in-telligent video surveillance technology in China.

Analysis of the Learning Framework for ConstructingBinary Neural Network Based on Matlab

WANG Yanling

2025, 41(05):  64.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．０１１

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Binary neural network (BNN) is a specialized form of neural networks designed to adapt to re-source-constrained environments. I's core characteristic is that both the network weights and activationfunction outputs are binarized, i. e. , converted entirely to the binary form of O or 1. BNN can reducethe model's storage space occupation and computing resource consumption, thus being widely applied invarious mobile devices and embedded systems. To enhance the computational efficiency of BNN and re-duce their energy consumption, this paper analyzes the core concepts of neural network binarization andkey points of framework construction, and proposes a method for building a BNN learning framework u-sing Matlab. This provides academic references and technical support for BNN to belter utilize limited re-sources and for deploying and running deep learning models in various environments

Optimization and Comparison of Construction Diversion and FloodControl Schemes for a Hydropower Station

ZOU Chaoying, ZENG Haijun, JIANG Zhaoqiang, LI Jing

2025, 41(05):  70.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2025.05.012

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To study the impact of construction diversion and flood control schemes on the constructioncost, duration and construction safety of water conservancy and hydropower projects, this study takes ahydropower station in Hubei Province as the research object. By addressing the main issues involved inthe station's construction diversion and flood control schemes-including diversion tunnel diameter andflood control cofferdam scheme, flood regulating caleulations, economic comparisons, and comprehensiveanalyses are conducted to optimize and compare 5 construction diversion schemes and 3 cofferdam floodcontrol schemes. The results indicate that the scheme of one 8 m x 10 m diversion tunnel is optimal, ena-bling a cost saving of 20. 591 million yuan; the year-round high cofferdam with concrete cut-off wall +composite geomembrane inclined wall is also optimal. The research results can provide a reference forsimilar projects.

Experimental Study on Strain Monitoring of Interior Bracing inBuilding Foundation Pits Using FBG Sensors

LIU Junxuan, TIE Chaoyun

2025, 41(05):  80.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．０１３

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To prevent quality accidents of building foundation pits, it is necessary to monitor the strain ofkey parts during the foundation pit construction process. This paper analyzes the working principle ofFBC strain sensors and conducts experimental research on strain monitoring by embedding these sensorsin the reinforced concrete interior support structures of building foundation pits. The experimental methodinvolves measuring the strain values of the interior bracing at three different embedded positions: the up-per part, middle part, and lower part on the surface. Additionally, it combines traditional vibrating wirestrain sensor measurementmethod, and processes and compare the experimental data of the two testingmethods. The monitoring results indicate that the stress states of the upper part differ from those of theniddle and lower parts of the interior bracing: the upper part is in compression, while the middle andlower parts are in tension. The test results are in good consistency with those obtained by the traditionalvibrating wire strain sensors. The experimental results show that compared with traditional strain gauges,FBG strain sensors have better reliability and precision, and can realize real-time monitoring during con-struction. It is feasible to use FBG strain sensors to monitor the interal forces of interior bracing in build-ing foundation pits; however, their higher use cost and more demanding requirements for on-site installa-tion and maintenance should be considered.

Application Analysis of BIM Technology-Based Whole-ProcessCostManagement in Construction Engineering

GUO Yufeng, LI Yan, LIJing, ZOU Chaoying, CHEN Keyu

2025, 41(05):  86.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．０１４

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With the continuous development of the construction industry, BIM technology has been in-creasingly widely applied in construction projects. Taking a large-scale construction project in Guiyang asa case study, this study conducts an in-depth discussion on the integrated application and performance e-valuation of BIM technology in whole-process cost management. The research focuses on how BIM tech-nology realizes accurate cost prediction, dynamic control and efficient management at various stages of theproject. By establishing an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) -fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model,the study quantitatively analyzes the improvement effect of BIM technology application on cost manage-ment performance. Firstly, it elaborates on the concept and characteristics of BIM technology. Based onthis, the advantages and challenges faced by the application of BIM technology in whole-process costmanagement of construction engineering are analyzed, and the future development trends are prospected.

Nutritional and Flavor Characteristics, Innovative Technologies of EdibleFlowers, and Their Research Progress in Beverage Development

LUO Fang, LONG Xiaobo, HUANG Li, PU Li, HU Shen

2025, 41(05):  94.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2025.05.015

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In recent years, edible flower beverages have gained considerable attention due to their uniqueflavors and various health benefits to the human body. As consumers' health-related demand continues togrow, researchers have pard increasing attention to the nutritional components of edible flowers and theirapplication prospect in beverages. Studies have shown that the various nutritional components of edibleflowers not only help enhance the unique flavors of beverage products but also bring numerous health ben-elits to the human body. Although a certain research foundation has been laid for the development of edi-ble flower beverages, there are still many urgent issues to be addressed in aspects such as beverage pro-duction processes, product standardization, and market promotion. Therefore, this article analyzes thecurrent research status of edible flowers, examines the types and nutritional characteristics of different ed-ible flowers as well as their specific applications in beverages, explores the application of various innova-tive technologies in the development of edible flower beverages, and prospects for future research direc-lions. This study aims to provide a reference for the further development of edible flower beverages.

Teaching Reform and Exploration of Ideological and Political Educationin the Applied Chemistry Course in Vocational Colleges

ZHANG Dingling, DU Zhonglin, ZHU Lin, ZHOU Lin

2025, 41(05):  101.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．０１６

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 Combining with the Report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China andthe Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic of China, this study takes the Applied Chemistrycourse in vocational colleges as an example. By closely integrating with textbook content, it explores andextracts curriculum ideological and political elements from seven dimensions, including crafismanship,patriotism, green chemistry philosophy, and teamwork spirit. Through transforming teaching methods andimproving the curriculum evaluation system, it integrates professional knowledge with humanistic literacy,achieving the parallel goals of imparting knowledge and guiding values. This approach aims to cultivatestudents' correct worldview, outlook on life, and values, build their inner strength, and develop theirdeeper love for their family and country. It strives to develop well-rounded talents with both moral integri-ty and professional competence, enabling them to contribute to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese na-tion.

Exploration and Practice of Integrating Artificial Intelligence into HigherVocational Metallurgical Technology Education

LIU Zhennan, YAO Chunling, SUN Ying, BAO Simin, LONG Xiaobo

2025, 41(05):  108.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．０１７

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Artificial intelligence (Al) technology, as a core driving force for educational innovation, hasshown immense potential in vocational education. This paper explores the application and practice of Altechnology in the teaching of Metallurgical Technology in higher vocational education. By analyzing the cur-rent state of vocational education, the compatibility of AI with vocational education, and the typical chal-lenges arising from the integration of AI into vocational education, the paper highlights the significance ofAI in enhancing the quality of vocational education and optimizing the leaming experience. Using the Met-allurgical Technology major as a case study, the paper examines AI application examples in the teaching ofthis discipline. It further discusses the possibilities and challenges of Al-enhanced practical training in theMetallurgical Technology major and proposes implementation strategies and safeguard measures. The prac-tice shows that the introduction of AI technology not only brings new opportunities to Metallurgical Technol-ogy education but also provides innovative paths for the digital transformation of vocational education.

Exploration and Practice of Teaching for the Electronic CircuitDesign Course Based on PBOPSP Teaching Mode

YANG Guangzhao, SHI Weihua, PEI Hao, WANG Na

2025, 41(05):  115.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．０１８

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To promote the informatization of education and teaching, many domestic colleges and univer-sities have adopted the "Teaching + Internet" online teaching mode. Taking the design and implementa-tion of a simulated low-pass filter circuit as an example, this paper employs the Cloud Classroom of SmartVocational Education Platform, Multisim 14. 0, and related multimedia software as teaching tools. It in-troduces a blended online-ofline teaching mode integrating the innovative PBOPSP teaching concept tooptimize and adjust traditional course teaching. Practice has shown that this teaching model achieves fa-vorable teaching effects: it improves students' ability to analyze and solve problems, and effectively reali-zes the integration of ideological and political education into teaching.

Research on the Teaching Reform Model of Information TechnologyCourses in Higher Vocational Colleges Empowered by AI

ZI Yongsuo, JIANG Yanqiong, LUO Ling, LIU Jun, WANG Zhu

2025, 41(05):  121.  doi:１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００９－０４７９．２０２５．０５．０１９

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The Ministry of Education released the Information Technology Curriculum Standards for High-er Vocational Education (2021 Edition), hereinafter abbreviated as the New Curriculum Standards. Thenew curriculum standards have made significant revisions to the original basic computer courses in highervocational colleges. The course name has been changed to Information Technology, and the course con-tent has added an Al-empowered teaching expansion module, which includes 12 projects covering almostall the current new technologies in computer science field, such as artificial intelligence, cloud compu-ling, big data, and blockchain. Under the requirements of the New Curriculum Standards, the teachingof AI-empowered Information Technology courses in higher vocational colleges faces industry pain points,including insufficient teaching resources, inadequate teaching capabilities of teachers, lack of computa-tional thinking guidance, insufficient professional teaching guidance, and inadequate class hours. Aimingat a series of problems in AI-empowered Information Technology course teaching, this study proposes corresponding solutions and suggestions.