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昆明冶金高等专科学校学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 75-78.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0479.2015.02.017

• 政治与法律研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

二十世纪初期云南省国家最高审判机构考述

谢 蔚   

  1. 云南大学人文学院历史系,云南昆明650091
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-04 出版日期:2015-06-01 发布日期:2015-06-01
  • 作者简介:谢蔚(1974-),男,浙江丽水人,讲师,历史学博士,云南大学人文学院历史系博士后流动站研究人员,主要从事中国近代法制史、政治制度史研究。

On the State Highest Judicial Institution in Yunnan Province in Early Twenty Century

XIE Wei   

  1. School of the Humanities,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China
  • Received:2015-03-04 Online:2015-06-01 Published:2015-06-01

摘要:

民国年间,云南省自行开办与国家体制不同的最高司法审判机构,此机构长期存在却尚未引起学界重视,为此,针对该审判机构的内部设置和演变作详细探讨。机构在唐继尧任云南督军兼省长时称临时最高审检处,其设置初衷是临时代替中央政府大理院和总检察厅两个机构的功能,实际上成为省的最高行政长官直接掌控全省最高司法审判权的内部附设机构;之后,该机构改设为大理分院和总检察分厅,外观上符合当时中华民国军政府的《法院编制法》,实际上与改设之前差别较小;1921年又改称为上告审检处,虽然沿袭了大量此前的机构章程,但其体制更简单,更多依靠行政机构来行使大理院职能;1922年即改设为大理院分院、总检查厅分厅,并于1927年将两个机构改组成最高法院云南分院,直至1933年撤销。该机构虽几经更名、数次改革,都与国家法律并不相符,实际上成为省政府掌控本省司法终审权的附属机构。

关键词: 唐继尧, 最高审检处, 大理分院, 上告审检处

Abstract:

In the Republic of China,the government of Yunnan Province set up its own highest judicial institution,which is different from the national one.Though existed for a long period of time,the highest judicial institution was given little attention by academic circles.This paper aims to offer a detailed discussion about its inner setting and evolution.It was named the temporary highest judicial bureau when Tang Ji-yao was the provincial military governor,originally intended to replace the Central Government-Daliyuan branch and the General Prosecutors Office,which actually functioned the highest judicial power commanded directly by provincial chief executive as an inner subsidiary institution.Then it was divided into Daliyuan branch and the General Prosecutors Office branch.Though no much difference from the previous institution,it apparently accorded with the central government's Regulations for Judicial System.It was renamed as the Appeal Judicial Bureau in 1921,which carried on many regulations as before,but the structure was simpler,more dependent on the executive institution to exert the power of Daliyuan.It was renamed back to Daliyuan branch and the General Prosecutors Office branch in 1922,and they were reorganized as one:the Supreme Judicial Court,Yunnan Branch from1927 to 1933.The name and organization changed several times,but they didn't coincide to the state law.In fact,it had been the subsidiary body of Yunnan provincial government to command the final judicial power.

Key words: TANG Ji-yao, the highest judicial bureau, daliyuan branch, appeal judicial bureau

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