Abstract: Colloidal quantum dots ( ODs) have attracted extensive attention due to their low preparationcost, simple process, significant quantum effect, and the application to almost all kinds of surfaces andshapes by methods of spin coating and spraying. At present, colloidal ODs have a very wide applicationprospect and great development potential in the fields of bioluminescent labeling, fluorescence coding,solar cells , light-emitting diodes, infrared detection and so on. With the continuous development of technology, the research orientation of colloidal ODs has also shifted from single quantum dots to core-shelstructure or multidimensional structure, and the emitting spectrum has also expanded from visible light toinfrared bands. In this paper, the characteristics , preparation methods and photoelectric properties of col-loidal quantum dots are discussed, aiming to provide theoretical and experimental references for the de-velopment and application of colloidal quantum dots.

Key words:  colloidal quantum dots, colloidal method, photoelectric effect, biological detection